Renaming libraries on Windows 10

Windows 10 automatically adds "libraries" like Documents and Pictures to each user's Quick Access section of Explorer and also shows them under This PC. Interestingly, there is no Rename option on them.

Therefore, the only way to change the names of default libraries is to edit their desktop.ini file. The LocalizedResourceName entry usually refers to a localizable resource in a system DLL, but any value without a preceding @ sign will be treated as a literal value. So, you can do something like this:

LocalizedResourceName=Top of the Desk

After a logoff/logon cycle, the new name is shown:

Desktop and Documents renamed

I originally published this information in a Super User answer.